Intervenciones desde la farmacia comunitaria en los pacientes adultos que reciben atención de la salud a domicilio: revisión exploratoria

Autores/as

  • Jessica Sánchez-Moya Universidad Miguel Hernández. Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Sant Joan d’Alacant. Alicante
  • Javier Sanz-Valero Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Escuela Nacional de Medicina del Trabajo. Madrid Universidad Miguel Hernández. Departamento de Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, Campus de Sant Joan d’Alacant. Alicante
  • Elsa Lopez-Pintor Universidad Miguel Hernández. Departamento de Ingeniería, Área de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Campus de Sant Joan d’Alacant. Alicante

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22585/hospdomic.v4i4.113

Palabras clave:

Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio, Farmacias, Servicios Comunitarios de Farmacia, Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento, Errores de Medicación, Educación del Paciente como Asunto, Polifarmacia, Ancianos, Satisfacción del Paciente.

Resumen

Objetivos: Revisar la literatura científica relacionada con las intervenciones desde la farmacia comunitaria en los pacientes adultos que recibieron atención de la salud a domicilio.

Métodos: Revisión exploratoria de los artículos recuperados de las bases de datos bibliográficas MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus y Web of Science hasta marzo de 2020. La ecuación de búsqueda se formuló́ mediante los descriptores “Home Care Services” y “Pharmacies” o “Community Pharmacy Services”, utilizando también los Entry Terms relacionados y los filtros: «Humans» y «Adult: 19+ years». La calidad de los artículos se evaluó́ mediante el cuestionario STROBE.

Resultados: De las 307 referencias recuperadas, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 44 artículos: 11 estudios descriptivos transversales y 10 ensayos aleatorizados controlados. En 19 (43%) de estos se observó que las intervenciones realizadas desde la farmacia comunitaria aumentaron la adherencia fármaco-terapéutica. También, un mejor conocimiento sobre los medicamentos (administración, seguridad, dosis, posología) en 17 (38,6%) trabajos y en 13 (29,5%) estudios se consiguió la prevención o resolución de los PRM. Al evaluar la calidad de los artículos seleccionados para la revisión mediante el cuestionario STROBE, las puntuaciones oscilaron entre un mínimo de 11 y un máximo de 20,8 sobre una puntuación máxima de 22.

Conclusiones: La intervención farmacéutica, a través de la farmacia comunitaria, aportó beneficios en la población más adulta, mediante el aumento de la adherencia farmacoterapéutica, la disminución de los problemas relacionados con los medicamentos y la mejora en el almacenamiento y conservación de los mismos.

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2020-10-30

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Sánchez-Moya, J., Sanz-Valero, J., & Lopez-Pintor, E. (2020). Intervenciones desde la farmacia comunitaria en los pacientes adultos que reciben atención de la salud a domicilio: revisión exploratoria. Hospital a Domicilio, 4(4), 209–227. https://doi.org/10.22585/hospdomic.v4i4.113

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